Every plant like any living organism need certain components for growth over and above soil, sun, rain, and air. The basic component of living cells is protein, with building block material, amino acid. Proteins are formed by sequences of amino acid. Plants synthesize amino acids from the primary elements, carbon and oxygen obtained from air, Hydrogen from water in the soil. This forms carbon hydrate by means of photosynthesis and by combining it with the nitrogen which the plants obtain from the soil, leads to synthesis by amino acid and collateral metabolic pathways. Only L amino acids are part of these proteins and have metabolic activity.

The requirement of amino acids in essential quantities is well known as a means to increase yield and overall quality of crops. The application of amino acids foliar use is based on its requirement by plants in general and at critical stages of growth in particular. Plants absorb amino acids through stomas and it is proportionate to environment temperature.

Foliar nutrition in the form of protein hydrolysate and foliar spray provide readymade building block for protein synthesis. Amino acids are also supplied to plant by incorporating in the soil. It helps in improving the microflora of the soil facilitating the assimilation of nutrients. Amino acids are also supplied to plants by incorporating into the soil. Amino acids are fundamental ingredient in the process of protein synthesis. About 20 important amino acids are involved in the process and each function. Studies have proved that amino acid can directly or indirectly influence the physiological activities of the plants.

Effect on Plants :

1. Protein synthesis:

Proteins have structural function, metabolic function (enzymes), a transport function and a stock of amino acid function. Only L amino acids are assimilated by plants.

2. Stress tolerance:

High temperature, low humidity, frost, pest attack, hailstorm and floods have negative effect on plant metabolism with corresponding reduction in crop quality and quantity. The application of amino acid before, during after the stress conditions supplied the plants with amino acid which are directly related to stress physiology and thus has a preventing and recovering effect.

3. Effect of photosynthesis:

Plants synthesis and carbohydrate by photosynthesis, and chlorophyll is the molecule responsible for the absorption of the light energy. These protein hydrolysates help to increase chlorophyll concentration in the plant leading to higher degree of photosynthesis.

4. Action on the stomas:

Stomas are the cellular structures that control the hydric balance of the plant.

5. Chelating effect:

Amino acids have chelating effect on micronutrients when applied together with micronutrients the absorption and micronutrient inside the plants are easier.

6. Pollination and fruit formation:

Protein hydrolysates increase the pollen germination and the length of Pollinic tube.

7. Equilibrium of soil flora:

The equilibrium of the microbial flora of the agriculture soil is the good mineralization of the organic matter also for good soil structure and fertility around the roots.